PROFOUND MEDICAL CORP

Profound Medical Corp. develops and markets medical devices, including the TULSA-PRO system, which uses MRI-guided focused ultrasound for prostate ablation. The development and regulatory clearance of such medical devices typically requires extensive preclinical testing on animal models to demonstrate safety and efficacy. This process involves the commercial exploitation of animals in laboratory settings, which falls under the general animal exploitation exclusion category. The company's operations are subject to U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations, which mandate animal testing for certain classes of medical devices prior to human clinical trials. While specific details of Profound Medical's animal testing protocols are not publicly disclosed in the provided evidence, the nature of its business and the regulatory pathway for its core products indicate a reliance on animal experimentation as a standard, material part of its research and development activities.